Head of Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Prof. Dr. In her statement on the occasion of May 22 European Obesity Day, M. Emel Alphan drew attention to what needs to be done in the fight against obesity, which is an important public health problem.
Prof. Dr. Alphan said that the first treatment method for obesity is lifestyle change, including healthy eating and being physically active.
Obesity is a Widespread Public Health Problem Around the World
Stating that according to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity is defined as "excessive fat storage in the body at a level that impairs health". Dr. M. Emel Alphan said, “Obesity is an increasing public health problem in the world and in our country. Obesity, which has reached a global epidemic level, is common in all societies with different ethnic characteristics. "Nowadays, there may be changes in the incidence of obesity depending on the complex interactions between environmental factors, genetic predisposition, cultural, socio-economic factors and human behavior," he said.
2035 Billion Adults Expected to Be Affected by 3,3
Pointing out that according to WHO data, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing all over the world for the last 50 years. Dr. M. Emel Alphan said, “While the number of obese and overweight people aged 2008 and over was 18 billion in 1,8, it was reported that more than 2020 billion adults were overweight or obese in 2,2. It is assumed that approximately 2035 billion adults may be affected by obesity by 3,3. "While it is stated that obesity in adults is 2020 percent in 42, it is estimated that 2035 percent will be obese in 54," he said.
Obesity is also on the rise in children and young people
Stating that obesity is similar in children and young people, Prof. Dr. M. Emel Alphan said, "It is stated that this rate, which was only 5 percent in 19 for young people between the ages of 1990 and 8, increased to 2022 percent in 22, and it is expected to rise above 2035 percent in 39."
Obesity is the Cause of Many Diseases
Pointing out that obesity causes serious health problems, Prof. Dr. M. Emel Alphan, “According to WHO's database; "Obesity is responsible for 55 percent of hypertension, 35 percent of heart diseases and 2 percent of Type 80 diabetes in adults in Europe, and more than 1 million of these result in death every year," he said.
Prof. stated that Turkey ranks 17th in the world and first in Europe in terms of obesity rate. Dr. M. Emel Alphan said, “It is possible to say that by 2024, 15 percent of the population aged 32,1 and over in Turkey will be obese and 34,6 percent will be overweight, and in total this rate will reach 66,7 percent. "It is stated in the WHO-2,4 report that 2024 million people in Turkey are affected by obesity-related diseases such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke and cancer," he said.
Obesity Increases the Risk of Disease and Negatively Affects the Quality of Life
Emphasizing that obesity causes many health problems or exacerbates existing problems, Prof. Dr. M. Emel Alphan, “Obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, some types of cancer, respiratory system diseases, joint and bone diseases, gallbladder diseases, fatty liver, sleep apnea, depression, infertility, sexual It increases the risk of diseases such as dysfunctions and skin diseases. "Obesity also negatively affects the quality and duration of life," he warned.
The Underlying Factor in Obesity Should Be Treated
Noting that obesity develops in a socio-cultural environment that supports a sedentary lifestyle and excessive food intake, Prof. Dr. M. Emel Alphan said, “With the increase in energy intake and decrease in energy expenditure, fat accumulation occurs in the tissues. However, obesity treatment is not possible only by improving nutritional status. The causes of obesity can be listed as genetic factors, hormonal reasons, some diseases, use of various medications, sleep disorders (shift work), environmental, psychological, socio-economic factors and climate change. First of all, the underlying factor causing obesity must be treated. "Treatment of obesity is very difficult due to the presence of many factors that cause obesity," he said.
Fighting Obesity Should Be Multifaceted
Stating that the fight against obesity should be multifaceted, Prof. Dr. M. Emel Alphan said, “In order to prevent obesity, individuals, their families, and therefore the whole society must be made aware of healthy eating and physically active, they must be educated, and both healthy eating and being active must be transformed into behavioral patterns. This is very difficult to achieve. There are programs to combat obesity in all societies, but it is understood from the increasing prevalence of obesity in almost all societies that it is very difficult to reach the goal set for obesity. "In Turkey, the Turkey Healthy Nutrition and Active Life Program, carried out by the Ministry of Health, Adult and Childhood Obesity Prevention and Physical Activity Action Plans are prepared and reports are published," he said.
Treatment Method in Obesity: Nutrition and Lifestyle Change
Prof. noted that the treatment method for obesity is healthy nutrition and lifestyle changes. Dr. M. Emel Alphan said, "In fact, as can be understood from these reports, the first treatment method for obesity is lifestyle change, including healthy eating and being physically active."
Source: HORECA TREND and Beyaz News Agency